Good water quality is very essential for survival of aquatic organisms. The best possible fish production is entirely dependent on the physical, chemical & biological conditions of water to the most extent. Therefore, successful pond management is required to consider good water quality. Water quality is determined by variables like turbidity, temperature, DO, COD, transparency, TDS, pH, alkalinity, nitrate, BOD, Phosphates and microphytes population etc. as they may directly or indirectly affect its quality and consequently its suitability for the distribution and production of fish and other aquatic animals. The present study was carried out in the Khop taal for the assessment of fish diversity, macrophytes and microphytes in relation to water quality of the pond. At present, water to Chhatarpur town is being supplied mainly from Khop taal Tank which is managed by Public Health Department and Nagar Palika Parishad. The relationship analysis between two variables fish species and water quality parameters was carried out through Canonical Correspondence Analysis. CCAbiplot indicates that the fish species as Puntius sarana, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Rasbora daniconius, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Clarias batrachus, Channa punctatus, C. striatus and C. ranga show positive correlation with the water quality parameters like Nitrates, BOD, DO, pH, turbidity and phosphates and the negative correlation with water temperature. However the fish species Chanda ranga, Puntius chola, Cyprinus carpio, Notoptrus notopterus and Channa marulius show negative correlation with Nitrates, Phosphates BOD and turbidity.

 Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are the substances which change the course of endocrine systems in a way that adversely affects the organism itself or its progeny. EDCs call for greater attention because of their increasing utility in daily products and possible correlation with compromised health.It has been reported that PCP is the most important degradation products of phenolic compounds due of its enhanced resistance towards biodegradation. Effect of Pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the histology of Liver of a fresh water Catfish Heteropneustes fossilis was studied by exposing the fish to 32ìg/l/day (1/10 of LC ) of sub lethal 50 concentration of PCPfor a period of 14 and 28 days. Histopathological changes observed in liver was vacuolization, necrosis, rupturing of hepatocytes th th during different time of exposure i.e., 14 and 28 days. In our present study PCP(32ìg/l/day) showed an adverse impact on liver of fresh water Catfish H. fossilis.

 Two groups of 4-6 cells are observed on the dorsal side of pars intercerebralis medialis part of protocerebrum. These cells are designated as median neurosectetory cells (MNSC). The axons of median neurosecretory cells of locus 1 form the median neurosecretory pathway and nervi corporis cardiaci interni (NCCI).The NCCI of two sides decussate each other in the anterior dorsal median part of the protocerebrum, comes out from the brain and enter the aorta wall. The median neurosecretory pathways can be differentiated into two parts viz. the very short prechiasmatic and the long postchiasmatic portions in copulating female Spilostethus pandurus, a heteropteran insect of economic importance.

 Two groups of 4-6 cells are observed on the dorsal side of pars intercerebralis medialis part of protocerebrum. These cells are designated as median neurosectetory cells (MNSC). The axons of median neurosecretory cells of locus 1 form the median neurosecretory pathway and nervi corporis cardiaci interni (NCCI).The NCCI of two sides decussate each other in the anterior dorsal median part of the protocerebrum, comes out from the brain and enter the aorta wall. The median neurosecretory pathways can be differentiated into two parts viz. the very short prechiasmatic and the long postchiasmatic portions in copulating female Spilostethus pandurus, a heteropteran insect of economic importance.

 Numerous procedures are now available for identifying chromosomes. Karyotypes are being prepared for clinical and research purposes. Although the ability to analyse the chromosome depends on size, but much depends on how well they are fixed, spread and stained. The NOR bands of the chromosomes are obtained from silver stain which represent the chromosomal sites of the 18s and 28s ribosomal R.N.A., genes which presumably were actively transcripted at a preceding interphase. G banding patterns revealed that transverse bands on them were visible after pretreatment of chromosomes with trypsin enzyme before staining with Giemsa. Generally G banding corresponds to the late replicating region of the genome which contains relatively few active genes. The present paper discusses the main technical aspects of NOR and G Banding in experimental fresh water teleost, Heteropneustes fossilis which can assist in the diagnosis of genotypic aberration due to unwanted environmental changes.

 Fish are the most numerous group of vertebrates in the world. This article is aimed to present the volumetric study of air-bladder in a local fish- Bata, scientifically known as Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822). The study was performed by anatomical dissection of184 fishes of Bata species with further macroscopic examination of air-bladders. The research showed that in investigated species this organ has significant differences and is composed of two chambers. The present study assesses air-bladder dynamics in natural occurring populations with the aim to examine volumetric relationship between air-bladder and body of the individuals. It is clear that the buoyancy provided by the air-bladder. Air-bladder volume is a mean 9.4% of fishbody volume. Evidence is given to indicate that this is quite large when compared with data ‘5% of fish volume for marine fish, and 7% for freshwater fish.

 Chromium is highly toxic to both aquatic and soil environment. Aim of the present study was to determine acute effect of chromium trivalent (Cr- III) and hexavalent (Cr-VI) toxicity on climbing perch, Anabas testudienus (Bloch). The work was done using Finney’s Probit analysis method. The 96hr-LC of 50 Cr- III and Cr-VI was determined to be 305.0 and 39.0 mg/l by experimental fishes were exposed in different concentrations. The LC dose was more in Cr(III) in comparison to Cr(VI) as the difference was highly 50 significant. The work showed that acute chromium toxicity is severely affects the fundamental organs which are harmful to fishes in aquatic ecosystem. There is need to control the usage of chromium especially Cr-VI because of its observed toxicity level as Cr(VI) is more dangerous to aquatic organisms that Cr(III).

 The population growth of Cybister confusus, an aquatic insect in a pond was studied with emphasis on water temperature. Population of the Cybister confusus was examined in relation to temperature. This measure accounts for time and the minimum temperature necessary for insect growth and reproduction to enhance population size. Result showed highest population density at about 17.6 °C temperature. Studies demonstrated that the population of insects is directly proportional to change in seasonal temperature cycle.

 The medicinal plants contain so many chemical compounds which has toxic effect on human Erythrocytes(RBCs).In the present study, the comparative In vitro haemolytic activity of different extracts of Swertia chirata has been evaluated. The Methanolic (SCM), Ethylacetate (SCE), chloroform (SCC) & Benzene (SCB)extract was assayed on human Erythrocytes with different concentration. The different extracts of Swertia chirata was tested on human erythrocytes for hemolytic activity with exposure of increasing concentration . The exposed concentration was 0- 300 µg. The result shows that the different extracts of Swertia chirata has no effect on human erythrocytes (RBCs)at 0- 300 µg.