In the present work an attempts has been made to study the effect of L-thyroxine (T4) and Thiouracil (Tu) on somatic (S.G.R.) and linear growth rate (L.G.R.) in an air breathing freshwater siluroid fish, Heteropneustes fossils (Bloch). The treatment of L-thyroxine (at physiological dose) brought about significant increase both in somatic growth rate as well as linear growth rate while the effect of thiouracil was contrary to this. The details have been discussed in this paper.

The present work is an endeavour to study the toxicity and behavioural responses of the fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) at different concentrations of a weedicide (Aquathol or Endothal) during static acute bioassays. The TLm or LC50 values were computed to be 3.162, 2.405, 2.290 and 1.550 mg/I at 31.0±1.00C respectively for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs exposures of aquathol. The safe concentration value was computed to be 0.418 mg/I at this temperature. The behavioural response of Channa punctatus (Bloch) was grossly depenent on the concentration and length of exposure.

Toxicological impact on Metacid (an organo-phosphate pesticide) on changes in bimodal (i.e. via aerial, aquatic route and total) oxygen uptake pattern has been studied in an air breathing siluroid teleostean fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn). The treatment of Metacid brought statistically significant decrease in total oxygen uptake (cc/kg/h) as compared to control but oxygen consumption through aerial route increased significantly in Metacid exposed fishes. The reason and mechanism for such changes have been discussed in this paper.

In the present work an attempt has been made to study the correlation, if any, between the cyclic changes in VO2 and different haematological parameters in an air breathing fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). Two peaks of activity were marked in both the parameters. A positive correlation occurs between RBC/V02, Hb/V02 and PCV/V02 in both the sexes. The increase in VO2 seems to be more associated with the increase in RBC count than with the increase in Hb content and PCV. Cyclic changes in VO2 and different blood parameters show parallelism and a physiological balance exists between these two parameters.

Studies on whole body proximate composition of Indian cat fish (Clarias batrachus Linn.) fed on diet containing various levels of gossypol (a toxin, naturally occuring polyphenolic pigment in the cotton plant, Gossipium spp.) for 12 weeks have been made. Whole body moisture significantly increased whereas lipid decreased when dietary gossypol levels were increased to 600mg/kg or higher. However, no significant differences were observed for body moisture and lipid in fishes fed diet containing 600, 1200 and 1500 mg gossypol/kg respectively. Changes were observed in protein contents also. The details have been discussed in this paper.

The Mexican beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) an effective bio­control agent of P hysterophorus, was introduced in 1983 from Mexico to Bangalore. Both adults and larvae of beetle can feed on leaves. This investigation has been formulated to know the infestation, feeding and damage behaviour of Z. bicolorata on the host plant (P hysterophorus) and effectiveness to the control of Parthenium. Studied on bionomics of Zygogramma showed that the Mexican beetle lay small, elongated, light yellowish eggs on leaf surface of host plant (Parthenium) in the laboratory conditions. The average incubation period hatching percent, longevity and fecundity were observed. The adult Zygogramma beetles feed and oviposit on Parthenium leaves while the newly hatched larvae feed voraciously on the terminal and auxiliary buds, leaves, stem parts etc.

The present work in an endeavour to study the effect of different kinds of supplementary feeding on certain blood parameters in a freshwater air breathing fish, Anabas testudineus (Bloch). Different haematological values in control (Group I) group of fishes were -RBC counts, 2.1±0.006 mfflion/mm3; Hb content, 10.8±0.10g%; PCV or haematocrit value, 32.0±1.42; MCH, 5.143pg; MCV, 15.42mm3 and MCHC, 33.75%. The experimental animals were fed with six (Group II-V11) types of supplementary feeds which caused significant increase in RBC counts, Hb content and PCV values as compared to control which is indicative of the facts that experimental animals become more healthy as compared to control. The reason for such changes have been discussed in this paper.

Puntius species are common fish available in the wetland of Begusarai. In the present study Puntius sarana has been selected for the study of morpho-histology of alimentary canal in relation to feeding behaviour. The study will be helpful for the culture and farming of Puntius species. The alimentary canal of the fish having buccal cavity, oesophagus, Intestinal bulb, Intestine and rectum. The result on gut content analysis of Puntius sarana suggests that the fish feeds on molluscs, crustaceans, algae, detritus, insect larvae, mosquito & their larvae, macrophytes and fish. On the basis of different food items present in the stomach contents, Puntius sarana may therefore be conveniently regarded as an omnivorous fish. The preference on molluscs, crustaceans and insect matter in P. sarana indicates their ability to feed throughout the water column and presence of a high percentage of detritus in the gut indicates that the fish feeds in bottom.

In the present study, in vitro anti- leishmanial activity of Ethyl acetate, Methanolic, Benzene and Chloroform extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis have been evaluated. Among those extracts Methanolic extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis shows effective antileishmanial activity against promastigote form of Leishmania donovani. Nycanthic acid,3-4,secotriterpene acid present in Nyctanthes arbortristis may be responsible for inhibiting the growth of parasite. It was found that LC50=150 pg/ml i.e. 50% inhibition at 100 pg/ml and LC90=200 pg/ml for complete inhibition is required to inhibit the growth of Leishmania donovani. The details have been discussed in the paper.

Thyroid disorder are prevalent in Gaya district in the state of Bihar. Thyroid hormones have been shown to influence the haematopoiesis, but the effects of disorders on thyroid hormones and hematological indices levels have not been assessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate some hematological parameters in peripheral blood of hypo- or hyperthyroid patients. Patients treated for thyroid disorders between June 2012 to November 2015 were included. This study evaluated Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxin (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3), blood levels, red blood cell count (RBC), the levels of RBC­related indices such as Haemoglobin, Granulocytes, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Platelet count and also some immunological factors such as the counts of circulating White blood cells (WBC)etc. The details have been discussed in the paper.